Hongos patógenos y micotoxinas en genotipos de maíz (Zea mays L.) comercializados en algunos estados del Centro de México

Abstract

At the global level, it has been seen that climate change affects the production and quality of agricultural crops. In Mexico, corn is a high consumption cereal whose production reaches 22 million tons, in a cultivated area of ??8 million hectares, despite this, corn is insufficient, due among other causes to the losses that occur in the field for fungal infestations. Twenty six samples of maize, of different genotype and place of origin, were collected to determine mycobiota, nutrient content and mycotoxin contamination. The results showed a high protein and lipid content for commercial hybrids, as well as the presence of phytopathogenic fungi. 23 mycotoxins were identified for the first time in corn seed for planting (725.7 ?g kg). It is concluded that the nutritional and sanitary quality of maize genotypes has a genotype-medium interaction environment. It is recommended to use improved corn hybrids, adapted to environmental conditions and monitor its sanitary quality since contamination by fungi and mycotoxins constitute a risk to public health.