Plaguicidas organoclorados, un problema ambiental en la Laguna Negra de Puerto Marqués- Acapulco, México

Abstract

The objective of this work was to describe the effects of concentrations of organochlorine pesticides detected in the Laguna Negra of Puerto Marques, Acapulco. Being a coastal ecosystem composed of mangroves that they are a key site in the growth and development of marine species of commercial interest as well as being a tourist attraction close to a growing population. Bimonthly samplings were carried out for a year in which samples of water, sediment and juvenile fishes were collected. The extraction of the organochlorine contaminants in each of the matrices was carried out according to the guidelines of the United Nations and the United States Environmental Protection Agency. The determinations were carried out on an electron capture gas chromatograph. The levels detected in water (1291 ?g/L), sediment (1134 ?g/kg) and fish (485 ?g/kg) showed that some compounds exceed the permissible limit at specific points in the lagoon, such as lindane, heptachlor epoxide, Dieldrin and DDT. The dry season showed higher concentration of organochlorine pesticides in the water and sediment while the highest concentrations in fishes were detected during the rainy season. Observations made in the field showed a serious alteration of the ecosystem due to multiple factors that have degraded its biological function. It is important to conduct a comprehensive study to reduce the negative impact to the lagoon system due to the decrease of fish and crustaceans important to the local population.