Características de sustratos e identificación de plantas micorrizadas establecidas en presas de jales del distrito minero de Pachuca

Abstract

Several tailings deposits are found in the mining district of Pachuca, Mexico, as byproducts of gold and silver mining activities. The aims of this study were to 1) describe the physical and chemical properties of the substrates at three tailings sites (CEUNI, CE; Mina de Acosta, MA; Campo de Golf, CG), and 2) identify some mycorrhizal plant species growing at these sites. Texture in the three tailings was described as sandy loam and silty loam; substrates were low in organic matter and nutrient content; pH ranged from slightly acid to neutral. Thirteen plant species common to perturbed or nutrient-deficient soils were identified at the sites (Acmella repens (Walter) Rich., Atriplex muricata Humb. and Bonpl. ex Willd., A. semibaccata R. Br., Baccharis conferta Kunth., B. serraefoliaD. C., Brassica rapa L. sin. Brassica campestris L., Chenopodium album L., Eruca sativa Mill., Hordeum jubatum L., Parkinsonia aculeata L., Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst. ex Chiov., Reseda luteola L. y Sonchus oleraceus L.), some of which were introduced to Mexico. In addition, roots of S. oleraceus showed high levels of arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization. This plant species could be considered in vegetation or phytoremediation processes of tailings deposits.